Preamble This study examines the complex drivers of declining fertility rates worldwide, with a focus on whether the economic costs of raising children (including schooling and higher education) are the primary reason for this trend. It explores the top seven factors contributing to fertility decline, evaluates the unique case of Israel, and assesses the role of immigration in mitigating fertility declines in Europe and the United States. Additionally, it investigates whether regions without significant immigration, such as Japan and South Korea, reflect the potential trajectory of Western nations absent immigration. The study concludes with examples of government interventions aimed at reversing fertility declines and draws conclusions on their efficacy. By synthesizing data from demographic studies, policy analyses, and statistical reports, this essay provides a comprehensive understanding of global fertility trends and the interplay of economic, cultural, and policy factors. Executi...